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AUTHORS BIOGRAPHY
Fuel and Oil Technology
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John Bennet
- Ford Motor Co.
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John has worked for Ford Motor Company since 1993, and has been fuels specialist since 1995, where he provides
corporate direction and technical support on all aspects of fuel use. He is the Ford representative for fuel issues with
national and international regulatory, standardisation and industry bodies including CEN, BSi, ACEA, SMMT etc.
He is also convenor of CEN TC19/WG31 Diesel total contamination and chair of the SMMT Fuels Working group.
Prior to his current role, he that worked within Ford powertrain research, having previously gained a PhD investigating Lean Burn Engine emissions at Coventry University.
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Bio-fuels and their Application to Light Duty Road Vehicles
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ABSTRACT
The use of biofuels has been identified as a potentially useful way to help address the concerns now associated with the use of mineral oil based fuels for automotive propulsion. The background and drivers behind the recent growth in biofuel use will be discussed, coupled to a review of the main biofuels and how they can successfully be used in automotive applications. This will include a review of the technology used in the Ford Focus flexi-fueled vehicle and comments about the external factors that must be addressed to ensure success.
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Sevim Erhan
- USDA/ARS/NCAUR
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Dr. Sevim Erhan has a B.A. and an M.S. in Chemical Engineering from the University of Istanbul, Chemical Engineering Department (1980) and has a Ph.D. in Organic-Polymer Chemistry from Western Michigan University Chemistry Department in Kalamazoo, Michigan (1987). She has been with the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research since 1988 and has served as Research Leader of the Food and Industrial Oils Research Unit since 1996.
Her research subjects are Soybean Oil Based Industrial Products, including printing inks, paints, coatings, lubricants, biodiesel, hydraulic oils and composites. She has authored or coauthored over 125 research journal articles and has 5 US Patents. She has been invited to present her research findings at numerous national and international scientific meetings. She has received several Agricultural Research Service awards; the USDA Distinguished Service Award; Land of Lincoln Soybean Association Market Award; and the 2004 FLC Award for Excellence in Technology Transfer.
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Modification of Vegetable Oils for use as Industrial Lubricants
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KEYWORDS
Vegetable oil, high-oleic, PDSC, RBOT, chemically modified, additives
ABSTRACT
There has been a lot of interest in using vegetable oils (particularly soybean oil) as renewable raw materials for new industrial products including lubricants. This emphasis on environmentally friendly lubricants is largely due to the rapid depletion of world fossil fuel reserves and increasing concern for environmental pollution from excessive mineral oil use. Vegetable oils are promising candidates as base fluid for eco-friendly lubricants, but their use is restricted due to low thermo-oxidative stability and poor cold flow behavior. This paper presents use of two different approaches, i.e. genetically modified oils and chemically modified oils in combination with additives to improve the oxidation and cold flow behavior of vegetable oils. The oxidation behavior was studied using Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry (PDSC) and Rotary Bomb Oxidation Test (RBOT), while the low temperature property was studied using pour-point measurements. The combination of high-oleic vegetable oils and chemical additives offer the best option for achieving the ultimate goal. The lubricants formulated using high-oleic vegetable oils exhibit superior oxidative stability, and improved low temperature properties compared to some of the commercially available bio-based industrial oils, and are at par with petroleum-based lubricants.
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